Quality of espresso extraction including crema, flavor balance, temperature stability, and shot-to-shot consistency. Evaluates pressure control and extraction timing.

Learning curve for beginners, intuitive controls, daily workflow efficiency, and maintenance requirements. Considers time from power-on to first shot.

Steam wand power, microfoam quality for latte art, heat recovery time between shots, and ease of milk texturing for lattes and cappuccinos.

Construction materials, component reliability, expected lifespan, and warranty coverage. Evaluates boiler type and overall build solidity.

Built-in grinder, PID temperature control, pre-infusion, programmable shots, cup warming, and other convenience features.